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This file was created with 10 point/12cpi, non-proportional type, e.g.
Courier/Monaco. There are 1" borders on all sides, if it helps with your
setup for readability. Some areas are tabbed and are indicated.
1871 Ontario Census Heads of Households VERSION 3 - Documentation
=================================================================
Version DBF-1.02 November 1995
Created by- R. E. Cox, < roncox@cam.org >
74 Brunswick Dr., Beaconsfield, QC, H9W 5H2, Canada
COPYRIGHT
----------
Certain portions of this document are abstracted from the original NAC
documentation.
As the data itself is in the public domain, it is not subject to copyright,
but the format and related documents are.
Copyright (C) 1995 R. E. Cox
Free, non-commercial distribution of these files are welcomed and encouraged.
Permission to copy all or part of this work is granted, provided that the
copies are not made or distributed for resale (except a nominal copying fee
to only cover expenses may be charged), and provided that the 71READ ME and
71DOCN, including the author-contact information, and this copyright notice,
are retained verbatim and are displayed conspicuously.
It is requested that you make a donation to your local Family History group
library fund as a donation for my effort, asking that your donation be
earmarked for purchasing new Ontario resource material.
ORDERING PROCEDURE
----------------
While these files are available FREE through many bulletin boards, some may
wish to order the files via snail mail. Orders should be sent to :
Jim McKane,
192 Baker Street,
Waterloo, Ontario N2T 2L4
Please send a cheque or money order for $25.00 to cover costs payable to
"Waterloo-Wellington Branch, Ontario Genealogical Society".
Funds raised in this manner will be used solely for the continuation of
genealogical indexing and publication projects within the branch.
BACKGROUND
-----------
This census index is an electronic version derived from the original paper
documents and ledgers. The records were prepared for the computer by
volunteers from the Ontario Genealogical Society (OGS), and the initial
processing and computer work was performed by National Archives of Canada
(NAC). These computer files were then made available to the public, with the
records grouped into files by electoral sub-district.
The original version of the NAC database was reformatted, alphabetized and
distributed in April 1994. It contained MANY errors and ommissions that have
since been corrected. Version 3 contains approximately 80,000 MORE names than
the original.
Using version 3 of the NAC database, each record was reformatted with comma
delimiters, augmented with both a meaningful 1871 county code and the
township, town or ward where the individual was located at the time of the
census. The collection of records were then sorted into alphabetical order,
and split into manageable sized files.
NOTE: The index ONLY contains the names of;
----
- Heads of families,
- Strays, a person who has a surname other than that of the head of house,
- Death schedule names, i.e. people who died in 1870 or early 1871.
ERRORS AND OMISSIONS
---------------------
While every effort has been made to assure the complete, error-free
preparation of this database, the author accepts no responsibility for errors
and omissions in this or the original database.
Some minor formatting errors and inconsistencies were noted in the original
NAC database and were corrected, both on group and individual records. Other
errors noted, and still present, will require reference to the original
microfilms for correction.
PURPOSE
--------
The 1871 Ontario Census HEADS of HOUSEHOLDS and STRAYS INDEX contains nearly
416,000 records arranged in alphabetical order. This will allow easy
searching of the whole database for a given individual that was either the
head of a household or a stray.
FILE NAMES
----------
The following list comprises the entire set of files needed for a complete
database, as well as some reference material. All of the files, with the
exception of the map and documentation files, are ASCII, comma delimited,
text files.
The letter(s) in the filename indicates the surnames contained in the file:-
Archive Contains Remarks
------------ ----------- -------
71v3-A.ZIP 1871N-A.ASC
1871N-UN.ASC a file of no known surname and
possible alternate name records.
71v3-B.ZIP 1871N-B.ASC
71v3-C1.ZIP 1871N-C1.ASC to Clinic
71v3-C2.ZIP 1871N-C2.ASC
71v3-D.ZIP 1871N-D.ASC
71v3-EF.ZIP 1871N-E.ASC
1871N-F.ASC
71v3-G.ZIP 1871N-G.ASC
71v3-H.ZIP 1871N-H.ASC
71v3-IK.ZIP 1871N-IJ.ASC
1871N-K.ASC
71v3-L.ZIP 1871N-L.ASC
71v3-M1.ZIP 1871N-M1.ASC M to McKenzie
71v3-M2.ZIP 1871N-M2.ASC
71v3-NO.ZIP 1871N-N.ASC
1871N-O.ASC
71v3-PQ.ZIP 1871N-PQ.ASC
71v3-R.ZIP 1871N-R.ASC
71v3-S.ZIP 1871N-S.ASC
71v3-T.ZIP 1871N-T.ASC
71v3-UZ.ZIP 1871N-UV.ASC
1871N-W.ASC
1871N-XZ.ASC
71DISTS&.ZIP 71DISTS&.ASC file showing the 1871 Ontario
Census Districts with their
associated Townships, Towns, Wards,
Counties and the associated
microfilm numbers.
71DOCN.ZIP 71DOCN.TXT This file.
71MAPS.ZIP 1871 CEN.GIF GIF files of maps for 1871
Electoral Districts
1871 CES.GIF
READING THE FILES
------------------
The SMALLER comma separated ASCII format data files can be read with a text
editor, word processor or spreadsheet program, but greater viewing
flexibility can be gained by importing these files into a data base program.
Depending on your database program, you could require up to 80 mb of hard
disk space to hold all of the uncompressed files.
The GIF files require a program such as JPEG to be viewed.
FIELD SIZES and DEFINITIONS - Census Data files
---------------------------
In working with the NAC census files, three different record layouts were
encountered. In the table following, "Max Width" was the predominate field
size encountered, and will ensure all information is visible if used in
designing your database.
However, not all entries use their full field sizes, and hence with some
compromise as to column width, type size and font used, you can compromise on
column width allowed in your design. In the "Comp" (compromise) column below,
the maximum column widths encountered for 1871 A.ASC, using Helvetica, are
shown as a guide.
To get a single line output, further compromise on the larger field widths
may be necessary, generally with little adverse affect to bulk of the
entries. (With my database programs, clicking on a field will show the full
data if clipping/truncation has occurred.)
(Where unknown is shown in the table below, coding applied to records was not
an "authorised" value.TABLE-IS-TABBED)
Field Format Max Width Comp Code/Variable Description
---- ----- --------- ---- -------------------
1 AN 19 17 Family name of individual
2 AN 15 10 First given name of individual
3 AN 12 12 Second given name of person
4 AN 3 2 Code to indicate whether the
resident is a stray or head
of house.
The following abbreviations
may appear in this field.
Blank- head of house
1- indicates that the person
has a surname other than the
head of house.
1?- unknown code
2 - Entry is from the death
schedules
3 - unknown code
7 - unknown code
I - unknown code
5 N 2 2 Sex of individual
The following abbreviations
may appear in this field.
Blank- Male
1 - Female
F - Unknown code (female?)
I - Unknown code
M - Unknown code (male?)
2 - Unknown code (Age?)
13 - Unknown code (Age?)
21 - Unknown code (Age?)
22 - Unknown code (Age?)
25 - Unknown code (Age?)
28 - Unknown code (Age?)
30 - Unknown code (Age?)
33 - Unknown code (Age?)
35 - Unknown code (Age?)
38 - Unknown code (Age?)
40 - Unknown code (Age?)
45 - Unknown code (Age?)
46 - Unknown code (Age?)
50 - Unknown code (Age?)
52 - Unknown code (Age?)
57 - Unknown code (Age?)
67 - Unknown code (Age?)
07 - Unknown code (Age?)
6 N 4 3 Age of individual at NEXT
birthday. Whole numbers
represents the number of
years.
The following abbreviations
may appear in this field.
? - Unknown code
6 - Unknown code (6/60?)
INF - Infant
NG - Not Given
1 - Unknown code
0 - Unknown code (infant?)
28? - Unknown code
772 - Unknown code
7 AN 17 13 Country or province of birth.
8 AN 20 8 Religion of occupant
9 AN 18 15 Ethnic Origin
10 AN 21 18 "Profession, Occupation or Trade"
11 N 4 2 District Number
See file "71DISTS&.ASC" for
translation of code.
12 A 4 2 Sub - District Code
See file "71DISTS&.ASC" for
translation of code.
13 N 3 2 Division Number
14 AN 4 3 Page number on the census form
where all the information
resides for the person
identified.
D - Entry is from death
schedules. All other
numbers are absolute values.
D2 - DeathEntry?????
2SC - Unknown code
S - Unknown code.
15 A - 4 County code
See file "71DISTS&.ASC" for
translation of code.
16 A - 19 Town/Township/Ward
See file "71DISTS&.ASC" for
expansion.
NOTE:- SOME RECORDS MAY CONTAIN COMMENTS THAT REFER TO ALIAS' OR OTHER
PEOPLE. Normally these take the form of an alternate name spelling and will
be found in the occupation field. These records appear in two places;
- where the alternate name falls alphabetically, and also in
- the questionable file.
FIELD SIZES and DEFINITIONS - 71DISTS&.ASC file
--------------------------------------------
This is an ASCII, comma delimited, text file that pulls together material
from a variety of sources for reference. While it can be used in either a
word processor or spreadsheet, creating a small database will allow easier
searches.
In creating the file I used;
- the NAC Catalogue of Census Returns on Microfilm to obtain Census
District and sub district names, and the associated
microfilm numbers,
- The NAC files contained a listing of Census Districts and
their associated numeric codes as used on the actual
records,
- "Townships of the Province of Ontario Canada", (sold by
Nipissing Branch of the OGS, ISBN 1-55116-460-4) provided
the County coding used, and helped with determining the
1871 county names, and the "modern names", the "now called"
column. (A "must have" book in my library- under $10.)
As the files were reformatted, they were checked off against the list, and
the sub-district codes added.
In some cases the microfilm catalogue entry was not found on the data files.
Does this mean the data is incomplete? Not necessarily, the information will
be found under a different Township╒s name. The amalgamation of areas in
recent years often followed the 1871 pattern- some of the townships just
don't have many people.
The townships that were "not found", NF, are indicated with an * (asterisk)
in the left most column of the file. So in the data files you wont find any
records for Abinger Twp. for example. It has an *, and the records are in
with those for Denbigh.
Not all entries use their full field sizes, and hence with some compromise as
to column width used is possible in your design. In the "Comp" (compromise)
column below, the column widths using Helvetica, are shown as a guide.
Field Format Max Width Comp Code/Variable Description
---- ----- --------- ---- -------------------
1 A 2 2 Not Found. Records for
township will be
found in another township.
2 A 24 24 Township/Town/Ward name as
used on the individual records.
Some abbreviations may have been
used, e.g.
TWN - Town
VIL - Village
WRD - Ward
CTY - City
ISL - Island
etc.
3 A 14 14 1871 Census District name.
4 N 2 2 1871 Census District Code.
5 A 2 2 Sub-district code.
6 AN 11 11 NAC microfilm number(s) for
Township/Town/Ward
7 A 14 14 1871 County or District
associated with the township
8 A 4 4 1871 County Code as used on
the individual records
9 AN 57 25 Now called/part of/includes.
Boundaries are different today
SOME OBSERVATIONS
---------------------------------
If you can't find the name you want, reflect on how it sounds, and how it
might be written. For example; O Brien, O'Brien, A'Brien; or Mc Gee, Mc Ghie;
and try looking for it without the space (or with them).
There are a few single letter surnames in almost every file.
Legibility is not always the greatest on the original returns. Hence you may
find something like BA_ _K_LLS_ _ -the best interpretation the transcriber
could make. I was looking for a Corner family- it was transcribed as Conner,
the writing was such it could have been interpreted as either.
In some cases the transcribers made an alternate entry- the alternate
spelling usually appearing in the Occupation field prefaced by "See______".
The alternates don╒t always start with the same letter, and the "Sees" appear
in two places, in the regular alphabetic listing, and in the "Questionable"
records file.
Also in the questionable records file are individuals with no surname given;
both alive and dead, infants/new borns with some identified as foundlings;
and lastly, a fair number of Indians.
Other Indians are found under "I" with a surname of Indian, while others have
a surname and appear in the regular alphabetic groups.
Nuns usually have a given name of Sister, the family name being their
"adopted" name, e.g. Mary.
There were a few records that were electronically "mangled in the NAC files.
Those noted were in Haldimand County and Toronto. In all cases there is
enough information to find the record on the census microfilm.
Each file has a "Header Line" added showing the columns which will help when
creating your database files.
* * * * * * * * * *
(Following is largely abstracted directly from NAC Documentation
================================================================
BACKGROUND OF 1871 CENSUS - EDP FORMAT
--------------------------------------
The first census of Canada provides, as accurately as possible, a statistical
compilation and cultural cross-section of Canadian society as it existed on
the 2nd of April, 1871. Under the direction of the Minister of Agriculture,
specific data were collected about the population in general, its demographic
structure, the assets it held, the environment in which it operated and the
products that it produced.
According to 'The Census Act' (33 Victoria, Chapter XXI, 12th May, 1870) each
of the four provinces (Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick) were
divided into 'Census Districts' (numbering 206 in total). These census
districts were to correspond as closely as possible with the 'Electoral
Districts' as identified under the 'British North America Act, 1867'.
Furthermore, the census districts were sub-divided into 'Census Sub-
Districts' (totalling 1,701) which, in turn, could be divided into a series
of 'Divisions'. Divisions were usually developed only when the sub-districts
were very large in area, necessitating extensive travel for the enumerator,
or when they contained a relatively large population. To illustrate this
geographic breakdown, Eramosa Township, Wellington County appears in the
census records as District 34, Sub-District E, Divisions 1-3.
The census sub-districts were, according to section five of 'The Census Act',
"to correspond as nearly as may be with the Municipal or other recognized
divisions thereof". Hence, not only were the census districts to correspond
with the established electoral areas, but were to complement legal areas
associated with counties, townships, cities, towns and villages. In some
instances; however, the districts formulated for the taking of the census did
not correlate with the electoral boundaries or with the "parochial, civil or
political sub-divisions thereof". In the majority of cases; however, one can
consider these various geographic entities to be one and the same.
Individuals doing research and using census material for specific geographic
areas should be aware of this fact.
According to the published version of the census:
"the only exceptions in Ontario to the general rule adopted of making the
Census Districts to correspond with the electoral districts as they then
existed, are in the cases of districts No. 42 North Simcoe, 53 North
Victoria, 57 East Peterborough, 58 North Peterborough, 62 North Hastings, 82
North Renfrew, parts of which being composed of unorganised territories, were
made Census Districts of themselves under the names of Muskoka No. 85, Parry
Sound No. 86, South Nipissing No. 83, and North Nipissing No. 84. The
electoral district of Algoma was divided into four Census Districts, namely:
Manitoulin No. 87, and West Algoma No. 90, by reason of its vast extent and
difficulties of communication."
In order for one to obtain an appreciation of the location, and make-up of
the census districts for Ontario, one should refer to the maps and tables
that are in the published census for 1871.
Also, in accordance with 'The Census Act', thirteen people were selected to
be 'Chief Census Officers' - five from Ontario, four from Quebec, two from
Nova Scotia and two from New Brunswick. These officers were to:
"have spent considerable time at the seat of government, in studying census
matters generally, assisting in the final consideration of the schedules and
instructions, and specially pointing out the circumstances and requirements
of the several sections of their respective provinces. They are to go, each
in the census districts set apart as his field of operations, to confer with
the commissioners, to impart to each of these the advantage of their labours
and studies, and to represent the Department in the territorial divisions
assigned to each of them."
Under the direction of these census officers, each census district was
assigned a 'Census Commissioner'. Indeed, section 7 of the 'Act' indicates
that one or more 'Deputy' census commissioner(s) can be employed for the
purpose of aiding the commissioner. Furthermore, the census commissioners
were responsible for coordinating the activities of the 'Census Enumerators',
of which there were 2,789. The enumerators were assigned the task of
collecting the statistical information for each census sub-district. This
statistical information was recorded on a series of forms, known as
schedules. For 1871, the following schedules were employed:
a. Schedule No. 1 - Nominal Return of the Living;
b. Schedule No. 2 - Nominal Return of the Deaths within the last twelve
months;
c. Schedule No. 3 - Return of Public Institutions, Real Estate, Vehicles and
Implements;
d. Schedule No. 4 - Return of Cultivated Lands, Field Products, Plants and
Fruits;
e. Schedule No. 5 - Return of Live Stock, Animal Products, Home-Made Fabrics
and Furs;
f. Schedule No. 6 - Return of Industrial Establishments;
g. Schedule No. 7 - Return of Products of the Forest;
h. Schedule No. 8 - Return of Shipping and Fisheries; and,
i. Schedule No. 9 - Return of Mineral Products.
Although textual copies of all these schedules have been retained by National
Archives Canada, Government Archives Division (GAD), because of their
historical value, only parts of Schedules 1 and 2 have been made machine
readable. In one instance, the University of Waterloo, under the authority of
Marjorie Kohli (Department of Computing Services), has forwarded, to the
GAD, digitised versions of Schedules 1 and 2 for parts of Wellington and
Waterloo counties. These machine readable files were initially computerised
under the auspices of the 'Ontario Genealogical Society/Public Archives
Canada: 1871 Census Indexing Project'. At the request of various researchers
and scholars, the University of Waterloo decided to expand the project to
include every individual and a variety of variables included in Schedules.
To provide some background, in order to commemorate their 25th anniversary in
1986, the Ontario Genealogical Society (OGS) undertook a project to produce
nominal indexes for the 1871 census of Ontario. The project was originally
conceived by Bruce Elliott (OGS-Ottawa) and Laurena Storey (OGS-London), and
received approval in principle by the OGS Council on February 13, 1982. In
the fall of 1982, the OGS approached the Machine Readable Archives (MRA) to
obtain assistance for the computerisation of the data.
In the spring of 1983, the MRA received approval from National Archives
Canada senior management to proceed with the project. The resultant agreement
was that the OGS would extract various data elements from the 1871 census
schedules, transcribe the information to specially prepared indexing forms
and, after the information was digitised by the MRA, verify the machine
readable version against the original schedules to ensure data integrity. It
was decided, as part of the project, that the following information should be
extracted from Schedule No. 1 (Nominal Return of the Living): name of head of
household or any stray residing therein; sex; age; birthplace; religious
affiliation; ethnic origin; occupation; district, sub-district and division
information; as well as information which identifies the page number where
the original data reside in the census schedules. In addition, similar
information was collected on individuals recorded in the death schedules
(i.e. Schedule No. 2).
This approach to making a portion of the 1871 census for Ontario machine
readable was a compromise in place of computerising the whole census for
Ontario. Due to the exorbitant costs associated with digitising the whole
census a complete undertaking was not possible. However, various OGS Branches
extracted all of the information contained in Schedules 1 and 2, and the
fruition of this work has resulted in complete returns for parts of
Wellington and Waterloo counties.
It should be noted, during the transcription phase of this project
difficulties may have been encountered when attempting to interpret various
entries because of problems associated with an enumerator's hand writing.
Further inconsistencies may be incorporated in the data because, as with the
Census of 1851-52, the enumerators may have " ... displayed negligence and
ignorance, ... were wholly unfit for the duties assigned to them, ... relied
upon voluntary information ... and collected from people who thought the
enumeration was related to taxation, the raw enumeration returns are not the
most reliable." Considering the problems associated with census enumerations,
errors will have been transferred to the computer record. In fact, as with
any work of this nature, errors will also have been made when the information
was input to computer disk. Consequently, if one is utilising these files for
genealogical purposes, it is suggested that the original schedules be
consulted if, for example, the age component is an important correlate for
identification purposes. On the other hand, if this information is to be used
to determine what trends may be associated with the variables, then those
concepts associated with statistical theories of error will suffice.
For the counties of Wellington and Waterloo, the following information was
extracted from the Nominal Return of the Living:
- every vessel that was the abode and domicile of any family or individual;
- the name of every living person;
- the line and page number where each person resides on the census return;
- number of shanties and identification of dwelling houses under
construction, uninhabited or inhabited;
- family identification number (usually a sequential number for each family);
- the age, sex and place of birth for each person; and, if the person was
born in the last year, the year of birth;
- ethnic origin;
- occupation;
- marital status and, if the person was married in the last 12 months, the
month of marriage;
- information about whether the person attends school;
- whether they are over 20 years of age and are able to read or write;
- whether the person is deaf and dumb, blind or of unsound mind;
- general geographic information is provided (i.e., division, sub-district,
county and township); and finally,
- the microfilm reel number has been included for each entry.
According to instructions that were provided to the enumerators, vessels and
shanties were to be included only if they were inhabited as dwellings on the
2nd of April 1871. Shanties were defined as huts or cheap dwellings put up in
a new settlement or temporary abiding place.
Much of the information that was on the Nominal Returns of the Living was
also recorded in the death schedules. However, the death schedules also
provide information about the cause and month of death. Virtually, all of the
death schedule information has been transferred to the computer record.
A NOTE ABOUT THE CODE EXAMPLES FOLLOWING
----------------------------------------
Several reasons for possible errors in the data are identified in a later
topic. The words that were abbreviated or similar to the actual spelling, or
close enough to be understood given the particular context, were not included
(e.g. Eglish instead of English or taylor instead of tailor). This will need
to be taken into account in any analyses. A list of most such words is
available upon request.
Use of parentheses
These were used in two specific cases:
a) When a term was used and part of it needed no explanation but part was
unknown the latter was put in brackets along with a question mark. e.g. A
TRADER - Unknown code [A ?]
b) When it was possible to suggest what an unknown code may mean, the
suggested meaning and a question mark were put in another type of brackets.
e.g. L CAN - Unknown code (Lower Canada ?)
(Where unknown is shown in the table below, coding applied to records was not
an "authorised" value)
(The following table is tabbed)
Field Format Max Width Comp Code/Variable Description
---- ----- --------- ----- -------------------------
7 AN 17 13 Country or province of birth.
The following abbreviations may appear
in this field
/ - Unknown code
? - Unknown code
2 - Unknown code
3 - Unknown code
BW INDIES - British West Indies
C - Canada
CAN - Unknown code (Canada?)
CB - Unknown code
C. B. (N. S. ) - Unknown code, (Cape Breton?)
CE - Unknown code
CH - Unknown code
CP - Unknown code
D - Unknown code
E INDIA - Unknown code. (East?)
E INDIES - Unknown code. (East?)
ENG - England
EUS STATES - Unknown code
GERM - Unknown code (Germany?)
I - Unknown code
IL - Illegible
INDIA W - Unknown code
IRE - Ireland
ISL - Unknown code (Island?)
ISL`D - Unknown code (Island?)
ISLD - Unknown code (Island?)
K - Unknown code
L - Unknown code
LONT - Unknown code
NB - New Brunswick
N. B. - Unknown code (New Brunswick?)
N BRUNSWICK - New Brunswick
NC - Unknown code
NEW B - Unknown code (New Brunswick)
NEW BRUNS - Unknown code (New Brunswick)
NF - Unknown code
NFL - Unknown code (Newfoundland?)
NFLD - Unknown code (Newfoundland?)
NG - Not Given
NI - Native Canadian
NJ - Unknown code (New Jersey?)
NS - Nova Scotia
N. S. - Nova Scotia
N SCOTIA - Nova Scotia
N WALES - Unknown (north?)
NWS - Unknown code
NY/NY - Newark
O - Ontario
OB - Unknown code
OC - Unknown code
ONT - Ontario
OR - Unknown code
P EDWARD - Unknown code
PEI - Prince Edward Is.
PE ISLAND - Unknown code (Prince Edward Island?)
P MONTREAL - Unknown code
PQ - Quebec
PRINCE ED IS - Unknown code (Prince Edward Island?)
PRINCE EDWD - Unknown code
PRO QUE - Unknown code (Province of Quebec?)
PS - Unknown code
Q - Quebec
QB - Unknown code
QU - Quebec
QUE - Quebec
RC - Unknown code
R ISLAND - Unknown code
S - Unknown code
SA - Unknown code (South America?)
SCOT - Scotland
SCTO - Unknown code (Scotland?)
SO - Unknown code
S SCOT - Unknown code (Scotland?)
ST. JOHN N. FLAN - Unknown code (N FLAN?)
S WALES - Unknown code (South?)
TVE - Unknown code
U - Unknown code
U CANADA - Unknown code (Upper?)
U S - United States
US - United States
USA - United States
U ST - Unknown code (United States)
U STATES - Unknown code (United States?)
VANCOUVER IS - Vancouver Island
WEST INDIES JAMA - West Indies Jamaica
WI - Unknown code
W INDIES - Unknown code (West?)
WM - Unknown code
W. U. S. A. - Unknown code (Western U. S. A.)
8 AN 20 8 Religion of occupant
The following abbreviations may appear
in this field
- - Unknown code
AA - African Association Baptist
AD - Adventists
AP - American Presbyterian
AT - Atheist
B - Unknown code
BA - Baptist
BB - Bible Believer
BC - Bible Christian
BD - Unknown code
BE - British Episcopal Methodist
BG - Unknown code
BM - Unknown code
BP - Unknown code
BR - Brethren
C - Unknown code
CA - Unknown code
CB - Christian Brethern
CC - Christian Conference Bapt.
CD - Christadelphian
CE - Church of England,Anglican
CED - Unknown code
CG - Unknown code
CH - Unknown code
CI - Church of Ireland
CKE - Unknown code
CM - Calvinistic Methodist
CN - Christian
CO - Congregationalist
CP - CanadaPresbyterian/C. Presb
CPS - Unknown code
CS - Church of Scotland/Kirk/Scotch Presb. ,etc.
CV - Unknown code
CX - Church of Christ
D - Unknown code
DB - Unknown code
DE - Deist
DF - Unknown code
DI - Disciple (of Christ)
DJ - Unknown code
DM - Unknown code
DU - Unknown code
E - Unknown code
EA - Evangelical Association
EB - Unknown code
EK - Unknown code
EM - Episcopal Methodist/Methodist Episcopal
EP - Episcopal (ian)
EU - Evangelical Union
EV - Evangelical
F - Unknown code
FB - Unknown code
FC - Unknown code
FF - Unknown code
FK - Free Kirk/Free Presb.,etc.
FM - Unknown code
FN - Unknown code
FP - Unknown code
FR - Unknown code
FT - Free Thinker (of England)
FW - Free Will Baptist/Free Christian
GB - Regular Baptist/see also RB
GM - Unknown code
IF - Infidel
IL - Illegible
IM - I. Meth. E.
IN - Independent
IP - Irish Presbyterian
IR - Irvingite/Catholic Apostolic
JM - J. Meth. E.
JN - Unknown code
JU - Jew
KB - Close Communion Baptist
LCE - Unknown code
LD - Latter Day Saints
LE - Unknown code
LL - Unknown code
LM - Unknown code
LU - Lutheran/Evangelical Lutheran
LV - Unknown code
M - Unknown code
MC - I. Meth. C.
MD - Mohammedan/Muslim
ME - Methodist
MEE - Unknown code
MF - Unknown code
MG - Unknown code
MI - Meth. I.
MO - Mormon
MM - Unknown code
MN - Mennonite
MS - Messiah
MV - Moravian
NC - New Connexion Methodist
NG - Not Given
NP - N. Presbyterian
NR - No Religion
O - Unknown code
OB - Other Baptist
OM - Other Methodist
OM? - Unknown code (Other Methodist?)
OP - Other Presbyterian
OS - Unknown code
P - Unknown code
PA - Pagan
PB - Plymouth Brethern
PC - Unknown code
PK - Unknown code
PL - Unknown code
PM - Primitive Methodist
PR - Protestant
PS - Presbyterian
PU - Puritan
QM - Unknown code
QU - Quaker/Friends
QUE - Unknown code
R - Unknown code
RB - Reformed Baptist/R. Bapt.
RC - Roman Catholic
RE - Unknown code
RM - R. Methodist
RP - Reformed Presbyterian
RS - Unknown code
SC - Unknown code
SD - Seventh Day Adventist
SEE - See note at end of code book
SP - Spiritualist
SW - Swedenborgian/New Jerusalem
TU - Tunker
U - Unknown code
UB - United Brethern
UI - Unknown code
UM - Unknown code
UN - United Baptist
UP - United Presbyterian/U. Kirk Presbyterian
UT - Unitarian
UV - Universalist
VM - Evangelical Methodist
VW - Unknown code
W - Unknown code
WC - Unknown code
WE - Unknown code
WM - Wesleyan Methodist
WME - Unknown code
WP - W. Presbyterian
WU - Unknown code
XC - C. C. Baptist
ZZ - Strange References
9 AN 18 15 Ethnic Origin
The following abbreviations may appear
in this field
AMER - American
CS - Unknown code
DUCH - Dutch
E - Unknown code
EM - Unknown code
ENG - English
ENGL - English
ENGLIS - Unknown code (English?)
F - Unknown code
FARM LAB - Unknown code (see occupations?)
FRENCH C - Unknown code (Canadian?)
F SCOTCH - Unknown code
G - Unknown code
GER - German
GERM - German
I - Unknown code
IL - Illegible
IN - Unknown code (Indian?)
IRE - Unknown code (Ireland?)
L CAN - Unknown code (LowerCanada?)
LSCOTCH - Unknown code
NC - Unknown code
NG - NotGiven
NK - Unknown code
O - Unknown code (Ontario?)
OB - Unknown code
RC - Unknown code
S - Unknown code
SCOT - Scottish
T - Unknown code
US - United States
WM - Unknown code
? - Unknown/Questionable
╨ - Unknown code (typo?)
10 AN 21 18 "Profession, Occupation or Trade"
The following abbreviations may appear
in this field
- - - Unknown code
? - Unknown code
A TRADER - Unknown code[A?]
ADJUTANTGEN. - AdjutantGeneral
AGENT WITH E COMPANY - Unknown code [E?]
AGRIC & JP - Unknown code
(agriculturalist and Justice of the Peace?)
AGR IMPLEMENT MF - Unknown code
(agricultural implement manufacturer?)
AGT - Unknown code (agent?)
AIRT - Unknown code
A. L. R. R. - Unknown code
APPRENTCE - Apprentice
ARCHATIN - Unknown code
ASS CLERK SENATE - Unknown code (assistant?)
ASST ENGINEER - Unknown code (assistant?)
ATT - Unknown code (attorney?)
B?KEEPER - Unknown code
BANK OF MD - Unknown code [md?]
BAPT MINISTER - Unknown code (Baptist?)
BARRISTER DJ - Unknown code (Department of Justice?)
B CHRISTIAN MINISTER - Unknown code (Bible?)
BD - Unknown code
BLASMITH - Unknown code (Blacksmith?)
BLK SMITH - Unknown code (Blacksmith?)
BM - Unknown code
BOUREUR - Unknown code
BS AGENT - Unknown code[BS?]
C - Unknown code
CA - Unknown code
CAB CUSON - Unknown code
CABPRO - Unknown code
C. A. L. R. R. - Unknown code
CANADA L & E AGENT - Unknown code
CAP H P - Unknown code
CAP R N - Unknown code
CAPT. - Unknown code (Captain?)
CARP - Unknown code (carpenter?)
CARPTR - Unknown code (carpenter?)
C. A. R. R. - Unknown code
CENGINEER - Unknown code (civil?)
CHIEF CON OF POL - Unknown code (chief constable of police?)
CIRNL AGENT - Unknown code
CIV. - Unknown code (Civil?
CIVILSER - service
CLER - Unknown code
CLERK BNA - Unknown code
CLERK DAWSON C - Unknown code[C?]
CLERK DIV COURT - Unknown code (division?)
CLERK GR - Unknown code
CLERK P COUNCIL - Unknown code (privy?)
CLK - Clerk
CM - Unknown code
COLLECTOR ILK - Unknown code (Milk?)
C PRES MINISTER - Canadian Presbyterian
CO - Company
C OF DIVISIONCOURT - Unknown code (clerk?)
COLONEL (M. P. ) - Unknown code
(Colonel and Member of Parliament?)
COMAGENT - Unknown code
COM'L TRAVELLER - Unknown code (commercial?)
COMM - Unknown code
COMMERC - Unknown code (commercial?)
COM MERCHANT - Unknown code
COMMISS - Unknown code
COMMTREN - Unknown code
COM TRAVELLER - Unknown code
CONTRACTOR M - Unknown code[M?]
CO TREASURER - Unknown code
CS - Unknown code (CivilService?)
C SCHOOL TEACHER - Unknown code[C?]
C SERVICE - Civil Service
CU - Unknown code
CURR - Unknown code
CUSTOMS HSE OFFICER - Unknown code (House?)
C V SHERIFF - Unknown code
D - Unknown code
DC - Unknown code
D COURT CLERK - Unknown code (D?)
DEPT - Unknown code (Department?)
DEPY - Unknown code (deputy?)
DG CLERK - Unknown code[DG?]
DIVISION CT BAILIFF - Unknown code(court?)
DOCTOR MED - Unknown code (medicine?)
DR - Unknown code (Doctor?)
D SOLDIER - Unknown code[D?]
EC - Unknown code
EDITOR SPEC - Unknown code
EMIG AGENT - Unknown code (emigration?)
E MINISTER - Unknown code [E?]
ENG - Unknown code
ENG`R - Unknown code (Engineer?)
EXP AGENT - Unknown code (export?)
F - Farmer
F & B SMITH - Unknown code
FARM - Farmer
FARMER MILL PROP - Unknown code (proprietor?)
F CLERK - Unknown code
F GEN - Unknown code
FL - Farmlabourer
F LAB - Farmlabourer
FLAB - Unknown code (seeF LAB?)
FRMER - Farmer
FRM LAB - Farm labourer
FSTORE - Unknown code
GENERAL AGENT FO - Unknown code [FO?]
GEN'L AGENT - Unknown code (general?)
GENTL - Gentleman
G MERCHANT - Unknown code
GNR - Unknown code (GrandNationalRR?)
GOVT - Government
GRA SCH TEACH - Unknown code(grade/grammar school teacher?)
GT/GTR - Unknown code (GrandTrunkRR?)
GWR - Unknown code (GreatWesternRR?)
HA L - Unknown code
HC/H of C - HouseofCommons
H KEEPER - Unknown code (house?)
H SERVANT - Unknown code (house?)
I - Unknown code
IL - Unknown code
INS AGENT - Unknown code
INS MANAGER - Unknown code
INSPECTOR OF DIC - Unknown code
INSTR WEIGHTS & MEASURES - Unknown code
JL - Unknown code
JOINER PW DEPT - Unknown code (PublicWorks?)
JP - Unknown code (Justice of the Peace?)
K - Unknown code
K P - Unknown code (Kingston Penitentiary?)
KPR - Unknown code
L - - - ER - Unknown code
L - Labourer
LA - Unknown code
LAB - Labourer
LAW COM OF CUSTOMS - Unknown code
LAWYER IN MD? - Unknown code[MD?]
L BROKER - Unknown code
LIVERY S KEEPER - Unknown code (stable?)
LOCKTENDR - Locktender
LT COL - Lieutenant Colonel
LUMBER MERCH - Unknown code (Lumber merchant?)
MALOW - Unknown code
MAN & F - Unknown code
MANUFR - Manufacturer
MC - Unknown code
M CLERK - Unknown code [M?]
MD - MedicalDoctor
MDAB - Unknown code
MDCM - Unknown code
M DOCTOR - Medical doctor
MECH - Unknown code
MEDICAL DOC - Medicaldoctor
MEMBER OF PARL - Member of Parliament
M ENGINEER - Unknown code
MER. - Unknown code (merchant?)
MERCH - Unknown code (merchant?)
MERCHT - Merchant
MESS H OF C - Unknown code (House of Commons?)
METH E - Unknown code
METH NI MINISTER - Unknown code
MFR - Unknown code (manufacturer?)
MI - Minister
MIN - Unknown code (Minister?)
MILLWRT - Millwright
MILLSAYER - Unknown code (sawyer?)
MILK CO - Unknown code
MINISTER BRN. CHURCH - Unknown code (Brethern?)
MKR - Unknown code (maker?)
M MARINER - Unknown code (Master?)
MP - Unknown code (Member of Parliament?)
MPP - Unknown code (MemberProvincial Parliament?)
MT - Unknown code
M TAILOR - Unknown code [M?]
MUFG/MFG - Unknown code (manufacturing?)
NG - Unknown code
OFFICE KPR SEC STATE - Unknown code
(Keeper of the Office of the Secretary of State)
O HOUSE - Unknown code[O?]
OJ - Unknown code
O N C - Unknown code
OP - Unknown code (Operator?)
OPER - Unknown code (Operator?)
OPP - Unknown code (Operator?)
PEN - Unknown code
PENSIONER RCR - Unknown code (Royal Canadian Regiment?)
PHYS - Unknown code (Physician?)
PINPRENEUR - Unknown code
PL - Unknown code
PLANTEREUR - Unknown code
PLD - Unknown code
PLS - Provincial Land Surveyor
PO - Unknown code (post office?)
PO DEPARTMENT - Unknown code
POST MASTER GENL - Unknown code (Post Master General?)
PP AGENT - Unknown code [PP?]
PRES MINISTER - Unknown code (Presbyterian?)
PROF - Professor
PROFESSOR MASOR - Unknown code
PROFF - Professor
PROP'R - Unknown code (Proprietor?)
PS - Unknown code (public school?)
PYY - Unknown code
R - Unknown code
RA CONTRACTOR - Unknown code
R CONDUCTOR - Unknown (railway?)
RD MASTER - Unknown code
RR - Railroad
R/R - Railroad
R ROAD - Railroad
S - Unknown code
SALEMAN (SP) - Unknown code
SCHOOL MISTR - Unknown code (mistress?)
SCHOOLTEAC - Schoolteacher
SEC INS CORP - Unknown code (Secretary Insuranc Corporation?)
SECY - Unknown code (secretary?)
S ENGINEER - Unknown code [S?]
SERV - Unknown code
SERVT - Unknown code (servant?)
SEXTON PRESB CHU - Unknown code(Presbyterian Church?)
SH BAILIFF - Unknown code
S MASON - Stone Mason
STA. MASTER - Unknown code (StationMaster?)
S TEACHER - Unknown code (school?)
STEWD - Unknown code
SUPT - Unknown code (superintendent?)
SVT - Unknown code
TAGENT - Unknown code [T?]
TE - Teacher
TEACHER C SCHOOL - Unknown code [C?]
TEACHER INS M - Unknown code (instrumental music?)
TELEG OPERATOR - Unknown code(telegraph operator?)
TELEGRAPH OP - Unknown code (telegraph operator?)
TEL OPERATOR - Unknown code (telegraph operator?)
T. GATE - Tollgate
T LECTURER - Unknown code [T?]
TWP - Township
VETY SURGEON - Unknown code(veterinary?)
W - Unknown code
W CLERGYMAN - Unknown code (Wesleyan?)
W ENGINEER - Unknown code [W?]
WES METH - Wesleyan Methodist
WID. - Unknown code (widow?)
WIDOW CARRYING ON FA - Unknown code
W METH MINISTER - Unknown code(Wesleyan Methodist)
W MINISTER - Unknown code (Wesleyan?)
W. NURSE - Unknown code[W?]
- - Unknown code
County Codes
CTYCDE COUNTY
------ --------------------
ALG Algoma
BRA Brant
BRU Bruce
CAR Carleton
DON Ontario
DUF Dufferin
DUN Dundas
DUR Durham
ELG Elgin
ESS Essex
FRO Frontenac
GLE Glengarry
GRN Grenville
GRY Grey
HAS Hastings
HLB Haliburton
HLD Haldimand
HLT Halton (RM)
HNR Norfolk
HUR Huron
KEN Kent
LAD Lennox & Addington
LAM Lambton
LAN Lanark
LEE Leeds
MAN Manitoulin Dist.
MID Middlesex
NPN Nipissing
NPS Nipissing
NRT Northumberland
NWL Welland
OXF Oxford
PAR Parry Sound
PEE Peel
PER Perth
PET Peterborough
PRE Prescott
PRI Prince Edward
RUS Russell
STO Stormont
SUD Sudbury
TBE Thunder Bay Dist. E.
TBW Thunder Bay
VIC Victoria
WAT Waterloo (RM)
WEL Wellington
WEN Wentworth
YOR York (RM)